Citation: | Ma Changwei, Ma Wenying, Tan Yi, et al. High Q-factor terahertz metamaterial based on analog of electromagnetically induced transparency and its sensing characteristics[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(11): 180298. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.180298 |
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Overview: A high Q-factor terahertz resonator with analog of electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) effect is designed on the basis of metamaterial theory. The electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) is a kind of quantum interference cancellation effect in an atomic system, which makes the opaque medium transparent to the probe. The resonator with the EIT-like effect has important applications in the refractive index sensing. However, the EIT-like metamaterial with tunable Q-factor is more practical. This paper presents a EIT-like terahertz metamaterial with tunable high Q-factor, which is composed of double metal wires parallel to each other and a vertical single metal wire in the middle. In practical applications, the MEMS structure can be used to change the position of the metal wire so as to achieve the purpose of regulating the Q-factor. The commercial simulation software CST is used to simulate the structure, in which the metal is Drude silver and the substrate material is selected by the organic glass. Furthermore, the propagation direction of the incident terahertz wave is perpendicular to the structure plane.
The wire structures can support the bright mode and dark mode. Through the radiation of the terahertz wave, the bright mode and dark mode are excited directly and indirectly to form resonances. The resonance spectrum superposition between the units forms the cancellation interference to make the plane metamaterial transparent to the incident terahertz wave. The simulation of the bright mode, the dark mode, the symmetric structure, and asymmetric structure are carried out respectively. By analyzing the response of the electric field and the magnetic field, the interaction between them is studied in detail, and the influence of geometric structure and size on the transmittance and the quality factor in the asymmetric condition is also analyzed. The results show that the EIT-like effect occurs with the horizontal shift of the single metal wire and the transmittance and the Q-factor are changed with the increase of the offset distance. Moreover, tunable Q-factor can be achieved by adjusting the structure and size. By optimization, when the offset distance is 8 μm, a transparent window with 3 dB bandwidth of approximate 11.56 GHz is obtained near 0.73 THz. The corresponding Q-factor is 63.09 and the transmittance is 0.50. Finally, the sensing characteristics of the resonator is measured, showing excellent sensing performance. The refractive index sensitivity is 60.69 GHz/RIU, and FOM value is 5.25/RIU.
(a) Geometric parameters in asymmetric case; (b) 3D view of the metamaterial structure
Electric field distribution.(a) Bright mode; (b) Dark mode; (c) Symmetrical structure; (d) Asymmetrical structure
Transmission lines of bright mode, dark mode, symmetrical structure and asymmetric structure
Magnetic field response.(a) Symmetrical structure; (b) Asymmetrical structure
(a) Transmission with different values of S; (b) The effect of S on the Q-factor and transmittance
(a) Change in transmittance at different values of L1=L3; (b) Change in transmittance at different values of L2; (c) The influence of transmission characteristics at different values of W; (d) Change in Q-factor and transmittance at different values of W
(a) Transmission characteristics at different values of g; (b) The change in Q-factor and transmission at different values of g
(a) Variation of resonant peak at different refractive index; (b) Relation between changes in resonant frequency and refractive index of test object