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Overview: Adaptive confocal laser ophthalmoscope with the high-resolution and dynamic imaging ability has been widely applied in specific biomedical and clinical medical fields. In order to get more information of the retina, the noncircular pupil filter and other pupil modulation technology should be applied in the adaptive confocal laser ophthalmoscope without influence in wavefront detection, so two light sources are need for imaging and aberration correction respectively. We have designed an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy with infrared and visible light sources. The principle of the system and some parameters of optical elements have been introduced. The two beams with different wavelengths are combined and separated by dichroic mirrors. The pupil filter could be utilized in entrance and exit of imaging optical path and it could not make an impact on the wavefront detection. Since two different light beams are used at the same time, we should consider the chromatic dispersion effect of human eye. By measuring the human eye aberrations made by the two light sources, it could be found that the biggest difference is in the defocus and the other high-order aberrations are almost same. We have calculated the difference of the defocus of the two sources by empirical formulas and finally compensated it by moving the pinhole that is in front of PMT. Then, the aberration correction and high-resolution imaging ability of the system have been verified through the experiments in human retina. Wavefronts before and after close-loop have been obtained, which proves that the system has realized the diffraction limit after the close-loop. We have found from the image that both brightness and contrast of the image have been significantly improved. In addition, the spectra of the retinal image have also showed that the intensities of almost whole the spatial frequency components are increased, so that more details could be observed. Finally, we studied the feasibility of realizing the dark field imaging by semi-circular pupil, which could block the reflected light and let some of the scattered light pass through, and thus the dark filed image can be obtained. We have inserted two semi-circular pupils in entrance and exit pupils of the adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and obtained the dark field image of the artificial eye. By comparing the bright and dark field images, it could be seen that the main information are different, which may help us obtain more details of the retina based on the multi-layer structure of the retina.
The diagrammatic sketch of adaptive confocal laser ophthalmoscope based on dual light sources
Comparison of the coefficients of Zernike polynomials
Wavefronts before (a) and after (b) close-loop
The retinal images before (a) and after (b) close-loop
The spectra of the retinal image before and after close-loop
Principle of dark field imaging. (a) Reflected light; (b) Scattered light
The bright (a) and dark (b) field images of the artificial eye