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Wang S C, Ouyang X Y, Feng Z W, Cao Y Y, Gu M et al. Diffractive photonic applications mediated by laser reduced graphene oxides. Opto-Electron Adv 1, 170002 (2018). doi: 10.29026/oea.2018.170002
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Review Open Access
Diffractive photonic applications mediated by laser reduced graphene oxides
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Abstract
Modification of reduced graphene oxide in a controllable manner provides a promising material platform for producing graphene based devices. Its fusion with direct laser writing methods has enabled cost-effective and scalable production for advanced applications based on tailored optical and electronic properties in the conductivity, the fluorescence and the refractive index during the reduction process. This mini-review summarizes the state-of-the-art status of the mechanisms of reduction of graphene oxides by direct laser writing techniques as well as appealing optical diffractive applications including planar lenses, information storage and holographic displays. Owing to its versatility and up-scalability, the laser reduction method holds enormous potentials for graphene based diffractive photonic devices with diverse functionalities.-
Keywords:
- graphene oxides /
- nanophotonics /
- direct laser writing
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References
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Wang S C, Ouyang X Y, Feng Z W, Cao Y Y, Gu M et al. Diffractive photonic applications mediated by laser reduced graphene oxides. Opto-Electron Adv 1, 170002 (2018). doi: 10.29026/oea.2018.170002
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Figure 1.
(a) The chemical structure of a monolayer graphene oxide adapted from the Lerf-Klinowski model18. (b) GO flakes prepared in water solution exhibit brown color before photoreduction and transform into dark color after photoreduction.
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Figure 2.
(a) GO exhibits a broadband fluorescence emission ranging from 550 nm to 750 nm. rGO displays similar fluorescence emission but with a reduced intensity14. (b) Dispersion relations of refractive indices and extinction coefficients of GO and rGO films26. (c) Raman spectra of GO before and after reduction exhibit prominent peaks at D (1354 cm-1) and G (1599 cm-1) bands14. XPS spectra of GO before (d) and after reduction (e)15.
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Figure 3.
(a) Schematic illustration of photoreduction and patterning of GO through direct laser writing techniques. Optical microscopic images of patterned rGO samples by femtosecond-pulsed laser beams with a high repetition rate of 80 MHz (b)6 and highly spatially confined reduction by single femtosecond pulses (c).
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Figure 4.
(a) Retrieved fluorescence image of two patterns recorded through two-photon photoreduction in two layers in GO-polymer sample separated by a spacing of 20 μm. The scale bar is 10 μm14. (b) A complex grayscale photograph patterned through LightScribe methods35.
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Figure 5.
(a) Schematic illustration of the laser-patterned rGO planar lens13. (b) Topographic profile of the rGO planar lens prepared by direct laser writing methods13. (c) Simulated and experimental results of the intensity distributions of the focal field in the lateral and axial directions13.
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Figure 6.
(a) Schematic illustration of subwavelength scale and continuously tunable phase modulation in rGO holograms for full-color 3D displays achieved by exquisitely controllable photoreduction15. (b) Photograph of a rGO hologram recorded in a GO-dispersed sample15. (c) The optical image of the rGO holograms generated by laser reduction14. (d) CCD-captured images by focusing at different depths of reconstructed 3D objects, two teapots15. (e) Reconstructed color images of two balloons by rGO-polymer holograms through wavelength multiplexing15.
