Citation: | Xiao Xue, Lin Xiao, Hao Jianying, et al. Planar waveguide based augmented reality smart glasses with large field of view[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2019, 46(10): 180550. doi: 10.12086/oee.2019.180550 |
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Overview: Augmented reality (AR) smart glasses are capable of superimposing computer-generated information on the real world. Until now, various combiners for delivering displayed virtual image, for instance, semi-reflective reflectors, hologram, and freeform prism have been adopted. However, they are suffering from some problems, such as low light efficiency, relative short lifetime when exposed to environmental variations, and complex production process. What's more, to realize large field of view (FOV) is still a great challenge, especially for AR smart glasses with compact format. In this paper, we present a method to achieve compact AR glasses by using a planar waveguide with embedded narrow band minus filters. The planar waveguide works as an element for the transmission of projected virtual image, while the minus filters work for coupling the image from the micro-display into the waveguide, and coupling it out of the waveguide on the other side to the eye of a viewer. Since the minus filters reflect only the specified waveband from a wide spectral range, the output virtual image from the waveguide can maintain high luminance and the rays from the ambient environment can pass through the waveguide with high transmittance. Furthermore, an array of parallel out minus filters is arranged at the output side, so that exit beams can be expanded without additional ghost images. To get the design parameters of the waveguide and the viewing angle that can be transferred by the waveguide, a geometric model was constructed. According to that, constraints of the design parameters and the relationship of them with the incident angles were analyzed. Based on the calculation results, a 3 mm thick waveguide, which can deliver a FOV of 53° theoretically, was fabricated to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Experiment was conducted with the first prototype. A virtual image was provided by a projector and a camera was used at the output side for capturing the exit virtual image and the real scene. Through the photo taken by the camera, we can see both the suspended image and a view of the real environment. Experimental result demonstrated that the waveguide can deliver a projected image and realize the fusion of the virtual image and the real scene as expected. The actual FOV transferred by the prototype was about 50°. In conclusion, the present approach is a very promising design to enable a compact AR glasses with a large FOV.
Schematic of the planar waveguide based AR smart glasses system
Reflective curve of a single-peaked minus filter
Parameters of the planar waveguide and the geometric model for the propagation of collimated light
Dependence between the tilted angle of the minus filter and the incident angle in the air (n=1.52)
Experimental setup
Virtual icons superimposed on real scene captured through the prototype
Viewing angle of the virtual image