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Design and performance analysis of high efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system
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Abstract
Aiming at the low optical efficiency of Fresnel lens, a high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical (NICO) system composed of an aspheric lens and a trumpet lens was designed. The aspheric lens was optimized in sequential mode of Zemax, and the geometric radius of its image spot was reduced from 42 mm to 1.7 mm by minimizing the spherical aberration. The aspheric lens and trumpet lens were modeled and optimized in non-sequential mode of Zemax, and the NICO system with 87% optical efficiency and 0.9° received angle was achieved by Monte Carlo ray tracing analysis. Finally, the packaging and testing of the high concentrated photovoltaic (HCPV) module were completed based on samples of an aspheric lens array and 48 trumpet lenses. The test results showed that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module reached 30.03%, which was significantly improved compared with the HCPV module composed of the Fresnel lens. -
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References
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Overview
Overview: Nowadays, Fresnel lens was widely used as the primary optics element in high concentrated photovoltaic module. In principle, the optical efficiency of Fresnel lens could be high. However, it will decrease sharply due to the limitation of processing technology, for example, scattering of angle of chamfer, the deformation of demoulding, the shading of tooth root, and so on. These issues influence the further improvement of photoelectric conversion efficiency of high concentrated photovoltaic module. Consequently, the idea of replacing Fresnel lens with aspheric lens was proposed innovatively and a high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system composed of an aspheric lens array and 48 trumpet lenses was designed. Firstly, the initial structure parameters of the aspheric lens were determined according to the characteristics of micro-scale three-junction GaAs solar cell. The aspheric lens was optimized in sequential mode of Zemax on the basis of aberration analysis of the initial structure, and the geometric radius of its image spot was reduced from 42 mm to 1.7 mm and the value of SPHA was reduced from 34.26 to 0.1 by minimizing the spherical aberration. The standard light source, detector, aspheric lens and trumpet lens were modeled in non-sequential mode of Zemax, and the trumpet were optimized by altering the radius of upper surface and the height. The high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system with 87% optical efficiency and 0.9° received angle was achieved by Monte Carlo ray tracing analysis. On the basis, the high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system and single aspheric lens were analyzed comparatively. The analysis results showed that the efficiency of single aspheric lens reduced from 87.4% to 40% when the incident angle increased from 0 to 0.9 degrees, and yet the efficiency of the high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system still reached 79.2%. In addition, the irradiance distribution uniformity of the focal spot of the single aspheric lens was 1.77%, and the value of the high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system was up to 53.42%. Finally, the packaging and test of high concentrated photovoltaic modules based on the high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system and Fresnel lens were completed separately. The results of test comparatively showed that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module based on Fresnel lens was 25.04%, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module based on the high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system was up to 30.03%, which was significantly improved compared with the high concentrated photovoltaic module composed of the Fresnel lens.
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Figure 1.
Principle of high-efficiency non-imaging concentrated optical system
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Figure 2.
Section diagram of micro-scale three-junction GaAs solar cell
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Figure 3.
Photoelectric conversion efficiency curve of micro three-junction GaAs solar cell with concentration ratio
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Figure 4.
Spot diagram of initial structure image plane
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Figure 5.
Spot diagram of aspheric lens image plane
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Figure 6.
Optical path of NICO system with optimization structure
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Figure 7.
Irradiance distribution of optical system under different incident conditions. (a) The incident angle is 0°; (b) The incident angle is 0.9°
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Figure 8.
Irradiance distribution of aspheric lens under different incident conditions. (a) The incident angle is 0°; (b) The incident angle is 0.9°
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Figure 9.
Irradiance distribution of spot focused by different systems with an incidence angle of 0°. (a) The aspheric lens; (b) The NICO system
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Figure 10.
The aspheric lens array sample
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Figure 11.
The trumpet lens samples
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Figure 12.
The high concentrated photovoltaic module sample based on aspheric lens
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Figure 13.
Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristic of high concentrated photovoltaic module based on aspheric lens
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Figure 14.
The high concentrated photovoltaic module sample based on fresnel lens
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Figure 15.
Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristic of high concentrated photovoltaic module based on fresnel lens
