Track gauge measurement based on wheel-rail lateral relative displacement

Zhang Guangyue; Ma Zengqiang; Yuan Jiajing; Kang De; Yan Deli; Li Junfeng

doi:10.12086/oee.2020.190252

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Zhang G Y, Ma Z Q, Yuan J J, et al. Track gauge measurement based on wheel-rail lateral relative displacement[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2020, 47(2): 190252. doi: 10.12086/oee.2020.190252

Citation:

Zhang G Y, Ma Z Q, Yuan J J, et al. Track gauge measurement based on wheel-rail lateral relative displacement[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2020, 47(2): 190252. doi: 10.12086/oee.2020.190252

Track gauge measurement based on wheel-rail lateral relative displacement

1.
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050043, China
2.
chool of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Handan University, Handan, Hebei 056000, China

Fund Project: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11372199), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2016210104), "333" Talented Person Project of Hebei Province (A201802004), Key Projects of Handan College (16106), and Handan College Seedling Project (2017310)

More Information

Corresponding author: Ma Zengqiang, E-mail:mzqlunwen@126.com

Received Date 16 May 2019

Revised Date 11 October 2019

Published Date 01 February 2020

Abstract

Abstract

Aiming at the complexity of the traditional gauge detection method, high requirements for the installation and large amount of data analysis, a gauge measurement method based on the relative transverse movement of wheel and rail is designed in this paper. Two sets of laser source and camera combinations are used to dynamically collect the image of the inner straight line part of the rail head in the method. According to the rail parameters, the Hough detection and perspective transformation are used to rectify the image from the same acquisition distance. Compared to datum moment, the variation of vertical displacement of the center point of the laser is computed. And through the geometrical relation of the variation previously described and the lateral relative displacements of the two wheels, the relative transverse displacement of the two wheels is calculated. The relative initial time gauge change is gained by the difference, which realizes the indirect measurement of the track gauge. The experimental results show that the method has the characteristics of simple hardware structure, small data calculation, high measurement precision, and can realize non-contact dynamic measurement of gauge parameters.
- gauge measurement /
- vertical displacement of spot /
- wheel-rail lateral relative displacement /
- perspective correction /
- indirect measurement

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References

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Overview

Overview

Overview: With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the detection of track infrastructure is an important guarantee for ensuring the safe operation of trains. Gauge is one of the most important parameters in the track infrastructure. The change of the gauge distance will cause various vibrations of the train to change the wheel-rail force. It is the control factor that affects the safety and stability of the train operation, and is also an important reason for the damage and failure of the track structural components. With the increase of the operation speed of high-speed railways and the expansion of operation scale, it is an important task in rail transit safety work to master the information of gauge status and ensure the safety of rail transit transportation. However, most of the current gauge detection methods have problems such as high installation difficulty, large amount of data calculation, and expensive detection, and is difficult to achieve ideal effect in complicated dynamic environments. Therefore, this paper proposes a gauge detection method based on the relative movement of wheel and rail. This method uses the lateral variation of the left and right wheel pairs relative to the reference point to measure the gauge distance indirectly during the locomotive operation. Firstly, two laser cameras are used to respectively collect the laser spot image projected by the laser source into the left and right gauge detection area, and then the perspective correction transformation matrix is obtained through coordinate transformation according to the positional relationship of the corresponding feature points in the reference time image and the detection time image and through the transformation matrix. The detection time image is corrected to obtain a front view image which is unified with the acquisition time at the reference time. The horizontal swing during the locomotive operation is much larger than the vertical vibration. Therefore, we accurately extract and locate the center point position of the laser spot. The mathematical transformation is established by the vertical displacement change of the laser spot center point in the two-track gauge detection area. The change of the relative movement between the wheel and rail on both sides of the reference time is obtained by calculation, and the gauge detection is finally realized. We verified and evaluated the gauge detection method proposed in this paper through multiple sets of dynamic experiments and using a variety of evaluation indicators. The experimental results show that the maximum error of the gauge detection method is less than 1 mm, which can meet the requirements of high-speed track detection as stipulated by China Railway Corporation. The detection device composed of simple structures is easy to install. In addition, the device has high robustness to a complex environment, and has certain practicability.