Review on demodulation methods for optic fiber Fabry-Perot sensors

Zhou Zhenrui; Qiu Zongjia; Li Kang; Zhang Guoqiang

doi:10.12086/oee.2022.210411

Article navigation > Opto-Electronic Engineering > 2022 Vol. 49 > No. 6 > 210411

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Zhou Z R, Qiu Z J, Li K, et al. Review on demodulation methods for optic fiber Fabry-Perot sensors[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2022, 49(6): 210411. doi: 10.12086/oee.2022.210411

Citation:

Zhou Z R, Qiu Z J, Li K, et al. Review on demodulation methods for optic fiber Fabry-Perot sensors[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2022, 49(6): 210411. doi: 10.12086/oee.2022.210411

Review on demodulation methods for optic fiber Fabry-Perot sensors

1.
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Fund Project: Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Fund (E155440201) and Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2021135)

More Information

^*Corresponding author: qiuzongjia@mail.iee.ac.cn

Received Date 23 December 2021

Revised Date 07 March 2022

Published Date 25 June 2022

Abstract

Abstract

Fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensors have attracted a lot of attention in many fields such as medical detection, underwater acoustic detection, and electric power monitoring due to their high sensitivity and strong anti-interference ability. The parameters of the light source, the structure of the sensing head, and the demodulation methods are the main factors that restrict the detection ability of fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensors. Demodulating the fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensors is to extract cavity length from the output optical signal which indicates the information of vibration, displacement, acceleration, temperature, and other parameters sensed by the sensor's head. An excellent demodulation method can improve the demodulation speed, resolution, and dynamic range of the fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensor. However, there are dozens of demodulation methods for the fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensor, and it is difficult to choose the appropriate demodulation method for specific application scenarios. In this paper, firstly, the characteristics of the signal output from the optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor are reviewed. Then, the influencing factors of the common demodulation methods are described in detail, and the improvement methods proposed by domestic and foreign research institutes are also introduced. Finally, the choice principle of the demodulation is proposed from two aspects: the applicable condition and the multiplexing of the optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensor.
- Fabry-Perot sensor /
- demodulation methods /
- multiplexing /
- method selection

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References

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Overview

Overview

With the development of optical fiber sensing technology and the increase of application requirements, the Fabry-Perot sensors are developing towards the direction of high precision, and high resolution, and are more suitable for extreme harsh environments. The demodulation method affects the performance of the Fabry-Perot sensors to a great extent. However, there are dozens of demodulation methods for the fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensors, and it is often difficult to choose the appropriate demodulation method for specific application scenarios.

Therefore, we analyzed the characteristics of the output signal of the fiber optic Fabry-Perot sensors. Meanwhile, we discussed the principle of nine main demodulation methods of the fiber optic F-P sensors and their influencing factors, such as the working point control method, the spectral peak tracing method, and the phase generated carrier method. Finally, we reviewed the improvement methods proposed by researchers at home and abroad.

We concluded that the intensity demodulation methods are susceptible to the influence of light sources, so these methods need to be improved from the aspects of reducing the disturbance of light sources. The amount of calculation of the wavelength demodulation and the phase demodulation methods is often large, so these methods can be improved by improving the demodulation speed, improving the spectral line resolution and other aspects. In addition, many classical methods such as the working point control method, the bimodal tracking method, and so on cannot fully meet the application requirements. New demodulation methods or improved demodulation methods, such as the phase-shifting demodulation method, the non-scanning cross-correlation method, and so on, have the value of continuous research and broad application prospects.

The choice of demodulation method needs to give priority to matching the demodulation method and the head of Fabry-Perot sensors. Demodulation will be difficult or even impossible when the method and the sensor head are unmatching. Then the demodulation methods are selected according to the requirements of sensitivity, resolution, dynamic range, demodulation speed, and other performance in different application scenarios. When it comes to the large-scale application of Fabry-Perot sensors, reuse technology is needed. How to reduce the complexity of the output signal, reduce the crosstalk between signals and reduce the difficulty of demodulation are the difficulty of Fabry-Perot sensors multiplexing. The PMDI demodulation method, non-scanning cross-correlation method, and other demodulation methods with intrinsic multiplexing ability are helpful to the multiplexing of the Fabry-Perot sensors and can be selected preferentially.

In the end, the demodulation method of Fabry-Perot sensors ultimately serves for practical application. The complex environment in engineering applications affects the performance of the Fabry-Perot sensors. So, the research on the demodulation method should not be limited to the laboratory environment. Developing a demodulation method with engineering application value is vital.