High-resolution Bessel beam laser imaging

Qi Huiyu; Zhang Weihua; Zhai Didi; Zhu Xinyi; Li Zhaohui

doi:10.12086/oee.2024.230243

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Qi H Y, Zhang W H, Zhai D D, et al. High-resolution Bessel beam laser imaging[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2024, 51(3): 230243. doi: 10.12086/oee.2024.230243

Citation:

Qi H Y, Zhang W H, Zhai D D, et al. High-resolution Bessel beam laser imaging[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2024, 51(3): 230243. doi: 10.12086/oee.2024.230243

High-resolution Bessel beam laser imaging

State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China

Fund Project: Project supported by “Chenguang Program” supported by Shanghai Education Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (21CGA31), National Natural Science Foundation of China (11804099, 62175067, 62075062) and Research Funds of Happiness Flower ECNU (2021ST2110)

More Information

Corresponding author: zhhli@lps.ecnu.edu.cn

Received Date 30 September 2023

Revised Date 11 January 2024

Accepted Date 11 January 2024

Published Date 05 April 2024

Abstract

Abstract

We demonstrate a new laser detection and ranging (LiDAR) system for reconstructing remote targets in three dimensions (3D). In this system, a probe beam, of which wavelength is 532 nm, working at Bessel mode rather than Gaussian mode, exhibits a typical intensity distribution of a bright central spot and some surrounding rings, and takes advantage of non-diffraction character in long-distance ranging. It is an attractive way to improve the imaging resolution of the LiDAR system. Combined with the Si-APD, we built a long-distance LiDAR system and completed the verification experiment. The results indicate that we can achieve an 18.1-µrad angle resolution in long-range target imaging, which provides an effective solution for high-resolution remote imaging.
- LiDAR /
- remote imaging /
- angular resolution /
- Bessel beam

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References

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Overview

Overview

Laser detection and ranging (LiDAR) technique has very important applications in many fields, including 3D terrain analysis, medical applications, object shape measurement, and surface defect detection. As one of the widely used LiDAR schemes, the time of flight (TOF) measurement technique can accurately measure the time interval between the target and the system, with the advantages of fast measurement and long working distance. With the help of highly sensitive photon detection techniques and high-precision time interval measurement methods, single-photon LiDAR can greatly expand its working range and distance accuracy. Angular resolution, as an important evaluation indicator for the LiDAR system, indicates its target recognition ability. The traditional LiDAR system usually contains a laser source that emits intense beams in Gaussian spatial mode to illuminate the target. The inherent diffraction property of the casting beam, however, sometimes hinders the performance improvement of the LiDAR, especially in angular resolution.

Based on the Si-APD single-photon detector, we demonstrate a new single-photon LiDAR at 532 nm for reconstructing remote targets. In this system, a probe beam, working at Bessel mode rather than Gaussian mode, exhibits a typical intensity distribution of a bright central spot and some surrounding rings. Taking advantage of the non-diffraction character in long-distance ranging, the employment of a Bessel beam could improve the imaging resolution of the LiDAR. To validate the angular resolution of the LiDAR system, we selected a billboard metal scaffold located 2.7 km away as the target. The billboard is supported by a scaffold at its base, with each scaffold beam approximately 5~6 cm wide. The system imaging result consists of 420×29 pixels. The distance point cloud is concentrated at a distance of 2755 m. Through the grayscale image, we can clearly observe the structure of the billboard message and supporting scaffold. The results indicate that the LiDAR system could achieve an 18.1-µrad angle resolution in long-range target imaging, which provides an effective solution for high-resolution remote imaging.