Invited expert: Professor Wu Fan (Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Professor Dai Yifan (National University of Defense Technology) Advanced optical manufacturing has great application demand in inertial confinement fusion, space observation, synchrotron radiation, nano lithography and other fields. It is developing towards the direction of "One Big and One Small" and "Two Specialization". "One Big" means that the aperture of optical elements is getting larger and larger with lighter weight and higher specific stiffness. "One Small" means that the processing precision of small aperture optical elements should reach the level of sub-nanometer, deep sub-nanometer and even pico-meter with the require of super-smooth, no-damage and fewest defects. "Two specializations" refer to the specializations of the material and structure of optical elements. Therefore, the whole process of advanced optical manufacturing, such as mirror blank manufacturing, optical processing and test, support technology, etc. has a vigorous development. This Special Issue mainly introduces the status and future development trend of advanced optical manufacturing by reviews and articles. There are six reviews and five articles in the Special Issue.