Characteristics in square air hole structure photonic crystal fiber

Zhang Xuedian; Yuan Manman; Chang Min; Lu Xinglian; Chen Nan; Nie Fukun; He Menghui; Qi Ningning; Zhuang Songlin

doi:10.12086/oee.2018.170633

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Zhang Xuedian, Yuan Manman, Chang Min, et al. Characteristics in square air hole structure photonic crystal fiber[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(5): 170633. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.170633

Citation:

Zhang Xuedian, Yuan Manman, Chang Min, et al. Characteristics in square air hole structure photonic crystal fiber[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(5): 170633. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.170633

Characteristics in square air hole structure photonic crystal fiber

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mordern Optical System, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China

Fund Project: Supported by the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Projects of China (2014YQ09070903)

More Information

^*Corresponding author: Chang Min, E-mail: changmin@usst.edu.cn

Received Date 17 November 2017

Revised Date 02 March 2018

Published Date 01 May 2018

Abstract

Abstract

In order to obtain photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence and flattened dispersion, we propose a new photonic crystal fiber structure with an elliptical air hole as the core surrounded by square air holes. In this paper, the effects of different fiber core ellipticity and different filled material on birefringence, dispersion and nonlinearity of photonic crystal fiber are discussed. The results show that at the wavelength of 1.55 μm, when the core ellipticity of the filled material is the same, the maximum birefringence value is 0.37 and the maximum value of nonlinear system is 277.76 W^-1·km^-1. When the fiber is filled with different materials, the maximum birefringence value is 0.34 and maximum nonlinear value is 307 W^-1·km^-1. In addition, in the wavelength range of 1.26 μm~1.8 μm, the nearly zerodispersion flattened characteristics are achieved. The range of variations is no more than ±12.5 ps/(nm·km), and the bandwidth is 0.6 μm.
- photonic crystal fiber /
- square air hole /
- high birefringence /
- high nonlinearity

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References

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Overview

Overview

Overview: Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have attracted a considerable amount of attention recently because of their unique properties that can not be realized in conventional optical fibers. Owning to their flexible design for the cross section, PCFs can realize particular properties such as high birefringence, high nonlinearity, ultra-flatten dispersion, large effective mode area, endlessly single mode, and etc. In this paper, in order to achieve high birefringence and flattened chromatic dispersion at the same time, a smaller sized elliptical air hole in the core is introduced as a defected core in square air holes. The present design has the asymmetry in both fiber core and the cladding region by one kind of air holes (elliptical). The role of an elliptical defected core in the proposed fiber is not only to control the chromatic dispersion to be flattened, but also to increase the value of birefringence up to the order of 10^-1. Among them, the structure of the square air hole is not easy to be deformed and thus has a more stable characteristic. Hexagonal structure of square air holes is the best way to obtain high birefringence and flattened chromatic dispersion. In the designed structure, one elliptical air hole is arranged in the core region and four elliptical air holes are ordered in the upper and lower sides. In our simulation, the plane wave expansion method and full-vector finite element method (FEM) with the perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition are applied, which have been the most common and accurate methods to investigate the eigen-mode problems of guided modes in PCFs. The effects of different core ellipticity and core filling materials on the birefringence, dispersion and nonlinearity of the photonic crystal fiber are discussed. The results show that the birefringence and maximum nonlinear coefficient are up to the value of 0.37 and 277.76 W^-1·km^-1 at 1.55 μm when the ellipticity of the core is different and the filling material is the same. The birefringence and maximum nonlinear coefficient are up to the value of 0.34 and 307 W^-1·km^-1 at 1.55 μm in the condition where the ellipticity of the core is the same and the filling material is different. Besides, the dispersion has a dispersionless flat characteristic. The range of change is not more than ±12.5 ps/(nm·km), and the bandwidth is 0.6 μm in the range of wavelengths from 1.26 μm to 1.8 μm.