Optical gas detection: key technologies and applications review

Shen Ying; Shao Kunming; Wu Jing; Huang Feng; Guo Yuze

doi:10.12086/oee.2020.190280

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Shen Y, Shao K M, Wu J, et al. Optical gas detection: key technologies and applications review[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2020, 47(4): 190280. doi: 10.12086/oee.2020.190280

Citation:

Shen Y, Shao K M, Wu J, et al. Optical gas detection: key technologies and applications review[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2020, 47(4): 190280. doi: 10.12086/oee.2020.190280

Optical gas detection: key technologies and applications review

College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China

Fund Project: Supported by Leading Project of Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province (2017N0013)

More Information

^*Corresponding author: Wu Jing, E-mail:wujing@fzu.edu.cn

Received Date 29 May 2019

Revised Date 15 August 2019

Published Date 01 April 2020

Abstract

Abstract

Rapid identification and detection of gases is a major problem that needs to be solved urgently by researches from worldwide. With the development of optical technology, optical gas detection technology has attracted great attention due to its remarkable advantages of high efficiency, multi-component detection ability and high sensitivity. In this paper, the theoretical foundation of optical gas detection technology is first introduced. Then the working principles and applications of various optical detection technologies for typical gases according to active and passive detection are reviewed. Using these gas detection technologies, dozens of gases have been continuously monitored at long distance with high sensitivity. The measurements of gas composition, concentration, temperature and other parameters in a variety of scenarios are realized, which effectively reduces the occurrence of dangerous accidents. By summarizing and analyzing the technical problems that still exist in the current optical gas detection technology, the future development trend is prospected.
- optical gas detection /
- absorption spectroscopy /
- active detection /
- passive detection /
- spectral imaging

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References

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Overview

Overview

Overview: With the development of economy, human demands for chemical materials are increasing. Although these chemical materials provide great convenience and improvement to our daily lives, gas leakage accidents in various fields happen frequently. Leakage of the commonly used flammable and explosive gases such as liquefied petroleum gas, methane and vinyl chloride may cause explosions or fires. Gas leakage accidents not only cause huge economic losses, but also can cause casualties. In addition, some non-toxic, odorless and seemingly harmless gases can also cause great harm to the environment. For example, SF₆ gas, which is commonly used in power systems, and gases such as CO₂ emitted in production will cause the greenhouse effect, resulting global warming. Therefore, developing gas detection technology that can achieve rapid, qualitative and quantitative identification and detection of harmful gases in various scenarios has become an urgent problem for researchers. With the development of spectral imaging technology, the spectroscopy method develops rapidly. Compared with the traditional gas detection method, the spectroscopy method does not require sample preparation, and is fast, non-invasive, highly-efficient and dynamic, thus suitable for rapid and continuous detection in various fields. Accordingly, the spectroscopy method has become a hot spot of research and application in various countries.

This paper first introduces the theoretical foundation of optical gas detection technology, and then reviews the working principle and application of various optical detection technologies for typical gases according to active and passive detection. Active detection methods include tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), differential absorption LiDAR (DIAL), differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS), etc. Passive detection methods include remote sensing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (RS-FTIR) and spectral imaging (SI). This paper focuses on the applications of optical gas detection methods mentioned above. In order to facilitate a deeper understanding of the application fields of each technology, we have detailed the types of gases, accuracy, detection limits, volume and cost that can be detected in each technical, and the latest application results of each technology are introduced in detail. Using these gas detection technologies, continuous and real-time monitoring with long distance and high sensitivity for dozens of gases have been achieved, measurements of composition, concentration, temperature and other parameters of gases in a variety of scenarios have been realized, thus effectively reducing the appearances of dangerous accidents. The future development tendency of optical gas detection technologies is prospected after summarizing and analyzing the existing technologies and their problems.