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| Citation: |
Yang H, He H R, Hu Y Q, et al. Metasurface-empowered vector light field regulation, detection and application[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2024, 51(8): 240168. doi: 10.12086/oee.2024.240168
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Metasurface-empowered vector light field regulation, detection and application
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Abstract
The vector light field carrying angular momentum finds wide applications in various fields, such as particle manipulation, optical communication and display, optical information encryption, and high-dimensional quantum information processing. However, the conventional approach to vector light field regulation typically involves a series of cascaded optical elements, such as spiral phase plates, polarizers, quarter wave plates, vortex wave plates, spatial light modulators, etc., resulting in a bulky device that does not meet the requirements for future photonic device integration. The rapid development of metasurfaces offers a transformative solution for realizing integrated meta-devices for vector light field control. In this paper, we summarize the research progress on metasurface-based control and detection of vector light fields. Then, we systematically summarize the current applications of metasurface-based vector light fields in particle manipulation, edge enhancement imaging, holographic display, machine vision, and so on. Finally, we have summarized and discussed the full text as well as the challenges and provided an outlook on this emerging field.-
Keywords:
- metasurface /
- vector field /
- polarization /
- regulation
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References
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Overview
The vector light field carrying angular momentum finds wide applications in various fields such as particle manipulation, optical communication and display, optical information encryption, and high-dimensional quantum information processing. However, the conventional approach to vector light field regulation and detection typically involves a series of cascaded optical elements, such as spiral phase plates, polarizers, quarter wave plates, vortex wave plates, spatial light modulators, etc., resulting in a bulky device that does not meet the requirements for future photonic device integration. Metasurfaces, which are subwavelength spatially arrayed nanostructures at an interface, possess the ability to accurately control the abundant physical dimensions of light, including phase, amplitude, wavelength, polarization, and angular momentum. Owning to the unprecedented wavefront manipulation capacities, metasurfaces have enabled a series of highly compact and efficient meta-devices. The rapid development of metasurfaces also offers a transformative solution for realizing integrated meta-devices for vector light field control. In this paper, we summarize the research progress on metasurface-based control and detection of vector light fields. The basic principle and typical design strategy for vector light field modulation and detection are introduced in detail. For vector light field modulation, we review the principles and methods of generating vortex light field (donut distribution of light field energy) and vector holography (various patterns of light field energy), respectively. For vector light field detection based on metasurfaces, we introduce the development process from angular momentum detection to total Stokes parameters detection. Then, we systematically summarize the current applications of metasurface-based vector light fields in particle manipulation, edge enhancement imaging, holographic display, machine vision, and so on. Finally, we have summarized and discussed the full text as well as the challenges and provided an outlook on this emerging field.
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Yang H, He H R, Hu Y Q, et al. Metasurface-empowered vector light field regulation, detection and application[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2024, 51(8): 240168. doi: 10.12086/oee.2024.240168
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Figure 1.
(a) Representation of typical scalar beams on the standard PS; (b) Representation of typical vector beams on the HOPS. Here we choose the 1-order HOPS as an example
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Figure 2.
Current researches on metasurface vector beam regulation. (a) SEM image of the plasmonic vortex beam generator and the measured far-field intensity profiles[10]; (b) Schematic and operating concept of the J-plate that converts an arbitrary pair of orthogonal polarization states into two beams with independent values of topological charges[45]; (c) Generation of perfect vector vortex beams with various topological charges via a composite element metasurface[53]; (d) Schematic of generating broadband perfect Poincaré sphere vector beams[54]; (e) Dynamic generation of hybrid grafted perfect vector vortex beams[55]; (f) Schematic of the meta-quadrumer for vortex generation[56]; (g) Schematic of the nano-ring aperture unit for on-chip noninterference AM multiplexing[59]; (h) Schematic of a silicon-based OAM emitter[60]; (i) Schematic of generating arbitrarily structured light on meta-fibers[3]
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Figure 3.
Current researches on metasurface vectorial holography. (a) Schematic of the orthogonal circularly polarization switchable metasurface hologram[72]; (b) Demonstration of three LP channel multiplexing for vectorial full color holographic display[74]; (c) Full-polarization vector holography based on diatomic metasurfaces[75]; (d) Broadband full-polarization vector holography based on geometric phase metasurfaces[76]; (e) Liquid crystal integrated color printing and vector holographic dual-function meat-devices[77]; (f) Schematic of the 3D full-polarization vectorial holography based on noninterleaved metasurfaces[78]; (g) Illustration of the dual-wavelength vectorial meta-hologram[79]; (h) Schematic of the color full-polarization vectorial hologram[80]; (i) Schematic of the angular momentum holography via a minimalist metasurface[81]
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Figure 4.
Current researches on metasurface vectorial beam detection devices. (a) Schematic of an on-chip OAM mode detector[83];(b) Schematic of the OAM detector based on a plamonic grating[87]; (c) Schematic of the singularity detector based on a spin-Hall meta-grating[86]; (d) Schematic of the singularity detector based on a spin-decoupled metasurface[89]; (e) Schematic of the general Hartmann-Shack sensor based on metalenses[82]; (f) Schematic of the vector beam detector based on non-interleaved chiral metasurfaces[90]; (g) Schematic of the vector beam detector based on all-silicon metasurfaces[91]
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Figure 5.
Current researches on metasurface vectorial beam applications. (a) Schematic of optical tweezers based on metasurface focusing vortex field[92]; (b) Schematic of the spin-multiplexed metasurface for bright-field imaging and edge-enhanced contrast imaging[96]; (c) Schematic of the multi-channel AM multiplexer/demultiplexer[97]; (d) Schematic of the cylindrical vectorial beam multiplexing communication system[93]; (e) Schematic of the metasurface OAM-multiplexed holography[98]; (f) Schematic of OAM-mediated machine learning for high-accuracy mode-feature encoding[100]
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