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Silicon cuboid nanoantenna with simultaneous large Purcell factor for electric dipole, magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole emission
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Abstract
The Purcell effect is commonly used to increase the spontaneous emission rate by modifying the local environment of a light emitter. Here, we propose a silicon dielectric cuboid nanoantenna for simultaneously enhancing electric dipole (ED), magnetic dipole (MD) and electric quadrupole (EQ) emission. We study the scattering cross section, polarization charge distribution, and electromagnetic field distribution for electromagnetic plane wave illuminating the silicon dielectric cuboid nanoantenna, from which we have identified simultaneous existence of ED, MD and EQ resonance modes in this nanoantenna. We have calculated the Purcell factor of ED, MD and EQ emitters with different moment orientations as a function of radiation wavelength by placing these point radiation source within the nanoantenna, respectively. We find that the resonances wavelengths of the Purcell factor spectrum are matching with the resonance modes in the nanoantenna. Moreover, the maximum Purcell factor of these ED, MD and EQ emitters is 18, 150 and 118 respectively, occurring at the resonance wavelength of 475, 750, and 562 nm, respectively, all within the visible range. The polarization charge distribution features allow us to clarify the excitation and radiation of these resonance modes as the physical origin of large Purcell factor simultaneously occurring in this silicon cuboid nanoantenna. Our theoretical results might help to deeply explore and design the dielectric nanoantenna as an ideal candidate to enhance ED, MD and EQ emission simultaneously with very small loss in the visible range, which is superior than the more popular scheme of plasmonic nanoantenna.-
Keywords:
- dielectric nanostructure /
- spontaneous emission /
- resonance /
- Purcell effect
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References
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Figure 1.
Schematic of the silicon cuboid dielectric optical nanoantenna.
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Figure 2.
Calculated scattering cross section for a silicon cuboid nanoantenna with the width W of 220 nm, the length L of 40 nm, and the gap size G of 20 nm upon the plane wave illumination under different plane wave incidence directions and polarizations as follows: (a) Negative y-axis incidence direction and Ex polarization, (b) negative y-axis incidence direction and Ez polarization, and (c) positive z-axis incidence direction and Ey polarization.
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Figure 3.
Polarization charge (ρ) distribution [panels (a), (c) and (e)] and electric field (E) amplitude distribution [panels (b), (d) and (f), color plots] calculated on the specified cutting plane of the nanoantenna at the resonance wavelength of the ED1, ED2 and ED3 mode shown in Fig. 2 respectively. Panel (b) is for the central XZ plane, panel (d) is for the central XZ plane, while panel (f) is for the central YZ plane of the cuboid nanoantenna. The black arrows show the direction of electric field and the length of the arrow denotes the field intensity.
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Figure 4.
Polarization charge (
$\text{ρ} $ -
Figure 5.
Polarization charge (
$\text{ρ} $ -
Figure 6.
The radiative decay rate enhancement factors as a function of wavelength for (a) ED, MD [(b) and (d)], and EQ [(c) and (e)] emitter located at the center of the silicon cuboid nanoantenna. The ED emitter has an orientation parallel to the z-axis, the MD emitter has an orientation parallel to the z-axis (b) and x-axis (c), while the EQ emitter has an orientation within the YZ plane(d) and XY plane(e). The width of the cuboid is 220 nm, the length is 40 nm, and the gap size is 20 nm.
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Figure 7.
The polarization charge distribution for (a) an ED point emitter oscillating at 475 nm, (b) a MD point emitter oscillating at 750 nm, and (c) an EQ point emitter oscillating at 556 nm. All the emitters are located at the center of the silicon cuboid nanoantenna.
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Figure FIG. 1302..
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