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Rendeiro R, Jargus J, Nedoma J et al. The possibilities of using a mixture of PDMS and phosphor in a wide range of industry applications. Opto-Electron Adv 7, 240133 (2024). doi: 10.29026/oea.2024.240133
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Review Open Access
The possibilities of using a mixture of PDMS and phosphor in a wide range of industry applications
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Abstract
A mixture of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) doped with phosphor particles can be found across diverse industries having different applications. This mixture plays a particularly important role in the field of lighting, white light-emitting diodes (LED's), flexible display devices, anti-counterfeiting (AC) solutions, luminescence thermometers and many types of sensors. The field of mechanoluminescence and biomedical are booming and there is also potential for visible light communication (VLC). In this comprehensive review, the basic characteristics of PDMS and a list of selected phosphors suitable for creating a mixture of PDMS and phosphor are presented. The summary and a detailed overview of the implemented applications of this perspective mixture over the last decade is presented as well. -
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References
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Rendeiro R, Jargus J, Nedoma J et al. The possibilities of using a mixture of PDMS and phosphor in a wide range of industry applications. Opto-Electron Adv 7, 240133 (2024). doi: 10.29026/oea.2024.240133
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Figure 1.
Some applications of PDMS:phosphor, highlighting the heterogeneity of applications where the blend has potential uses.
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Figure 2.
Photograph of a microscope slide containing emitting samples with PDMS and YAG:Ce3+ (main emission peak at 555 nm) on the left side and the samples on the right side contain PDMS, YAG:Ce3+ and CaS:Eu2+ (main emission peak at 650 nm), using as excitation source blue light. Figure reproduced from ref.37, under a Creative Commons Attribution International License.
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Figure 3.
Schematic diagram of LED packaging. (a) Proximate phosphor configuration, where the phosphor is homogeneously distributed across the optical packaging host. (b) Proximate conformal phosphor configuration, with the phosphor deposited on the LED surface. (c) Remote phosphor configuration, with the layer of the phosphor on the surface of the host matrix. Figure reproduced with permission from ref.55, Sage Publications.
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Figure 4.
(a) Photographic images of the BaLa2ZnO5:Tb3+/PDMS composite folding films under daylight and UV light. (b) The BaLa2ZnO5:Tb3+/PDMS composite film was under applied mechanical stress and photographed before and after applying the mechanical stress under UV 270 nm light. (c) PL spectra of films after applying mechanical stress. (d) The flexibility of films under different weights (250, 500, and 750 gm). Figure reproduced with permission from ref.47, Elsevier.
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Figure 5.
(a) Diagram of PDMS:phosphor AC inks manufacturing process. (b): (α) AC labels created using screen-printing mode on different surfaces and visualized under day light and UV 365 nm light. (β) Long term storage of AC labels up to 270 days. (γ) Photo-stability test examined up to 120 min using UV source. (δ) Developed AC image on marble and thermally treated up to 250 °C for 20 min (β1 & δ1) Pixel profiles of experiments on developed AC labels (γ1) PL measurement on UV irradiated AC label. Figure reproduced with permission from ref.38, Elsevier.
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Figure 6.
Diagram of the upconversion mechanism where the energy absorbed by ion 1 and 3 (E1) is transferred to ion 2 which then emits a photon with higher energy than the ones absorbed when returning to the fundamental state (G1). Figure reproduced with permission from ref.100, Elsevier.
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Figure 7.
The ML properties of the sensor for visual sensing. (a) ML mechanism of SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+. (b) The dependence of the ML spectra at varying pressure in the range from 1 MPa to 30 MPa. Figure reproduced with permission from27, IOP Publishing.
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Figure 8.
(a) Schematic of light emission from the mixed ZnS composite and PDMS with applied AC bias. (b) Schematic diagram of self-powered optical communication system consisting of information inputs (instantly dynamic self-powered multi-color display), information acquisitions (cameras), information processing (MCU), and information display (display screens). Four information units (00, 01, 10, and 11) and corresponding states of multi-color self-powered ACEL system. Figure reproduced with permission from: (a) ref.131, under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License; (b) ref.35, Elsevier.
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Figure 9.
(a) X-ray energy absorption spectra of Ba2LuNbO6:Tb3+ and the commercial scintillator Bi4Ge3O12. (b) Normalized optical loss relation with pH. Figure reproduced with permission from: (a) ref.134 and (b) ref.135, respectively.
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Figure 10.
(a) Schematic of sensor probe excitation configuration and collection scheme. (b) Calibration curve of PDMS-based CO2 sensor. Figure reproduced with permission from ref.34, Elsevier.
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Figure 11.
Capabilities of the PDMS:phosphor mixture for Future Perspectives applications.
